Petrarch Laura Francesco Petrarch and Laura For a woman he would never know
For a woman he could never have
He should change the world forever
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Petrarch:The Canzoniere

Translated by: A.S.Kline
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Information on the sonnet is available here.
Looking for an analysis of a specific poem from the Canzoniere?
Read I go thinking an analysis of poem 264 by Holly Barbaccia.


ITALIAN ENGLISH
Quel'antiquo mio dolce empio signore
fatto citar dinanzi a la reina
che la parte divina
tien di natura nostra e 'n cima sede,
ivi, com'oro che nel foco affina,
mi rappresento cerco di dolore,
di paura et d'orrore,
quasi huom che teme morte et ragion chiede;
e 'ncomincio: - Madonna, il manco piede
giovenetto pos'io nel costui regno,
ond'altro ch'ira et sdegno
non ebbi mai; et tanti et sí diversi
tormenti ivi soffersi,
ch'alfine vinta fu quell'infinita
mia patïentia, e 'n odio ebbi la vita.

Cosí 'l mio tempo infin qui trapassato
è in fiamma e 'n pene: et quante utili honeste
vie sprezzai, quante feste,
per servir questo lusinghier crudele!
Et qual ingegno à sí parole preste,
che stringer possa 'l mio infelice stato,
et le mie d'esto ingrato
tanto et sí gravi e sí giuste querele?
O poco mèl, molto aloè con fele!
In quanto amaro à la mia vita avezza
con sua falsa dolcezza,
la qual m'atrasse a l'amorosa schiera!
Che s'i' non m'inganno, era
disposto a sollevarmi alto da terra:
e' mi tolse di pace et pose in guerra.

Questi m'à fatto men amare Dio
ch'i' non deveva, et men curar me stesso:
per una donna ò messo
egualmente in non cale ogni pensero.
Di ciò m'è stato consiglier sol esso,
sempr'aguzzando il giovenil desio
a l'empia cote, ond'io
sperai riposo al suo giogo aspro et fero.
Misero, a che quel chiaro ingegno altero,
et l'altre doti a me date dal cielo?
ché vo cangiando 'l pelo,
né cangiar posso l'ostinata voglia:
cosí in tutto mi spoglia
di libertà questo crudel ch'i' accuso,
ch'amaro viver m'à vòlto in dolce uso.

Cercar m'à fatto deserti paesi,
fiere et ladri rapaci, hispidi dumi,
dure genti et costumi,
et ogni error che' pellegrini intrica,
monti, valli, paludi et mari et fiumi,
mille lacciuoli in ogni parte tesi;
e 'l verno in strani mesi,
con pericol presente et con fatica:
né costui né quell'altra mia nemica
ch'i' fuggía, mi lasciavan sol un punto;
onde, s'i' non son giunto
anzi tempo da morte acerba et dura,
pietà celeste à cura
di mia salute non questo tiranno
che del mio duol si pasce, et del mio danno.

Poi che suo fui non ebbi hora tranquilla,
né spero aver, et le mie notti il sonno
sbandiro, et piú non ponno
per herbe o per incanti a sé ritrarlo.
Per inganni et per forza è fatto donno
sovra miei spirti; et no sonò poi squilla,
ov'io sia, in qualche villa,
ch'i' non l'udisse. Ei sa che 'l vero parlo:
ché legno vecchio mai non róse tarlo
come questi 'l mio core, in che s'annida,
et di morte lo sfida.
Quinci nascon le lagrime e i martiri,
le parole e i sospiri,
di ch'io mi vo stancando, et forse altrui.
Giudica tu, che me conosci et lui. -

Il mio adversario con agre rampogne
comincia: - O donna, intendi l'altra parte,
ché 'l vero, onde si parte
quest'ingrato, dirà senza defecto.
Questi in sua prima età fu dato a l'arte
da vender parolette, anzi menzogne;
né par che si vergogne,
tolto da quella noia al mio dilecto,
lamentarsi di me, che puro et netto,
contra 'l desio, che spesso il suo mal vòle,
lui tenni, ond'or si dole,
in dolce vita, ch'ei miseria chiama:
salito in qualche fama
solo per me, che 'l suo intellecto alzai
ov'alzato per sé non fôra mai.

Ei sa che 'l grande Atride et l'alto Achille,
et Hanibàl al terren vostro amaro,
et di tutti il piú chiaro
un altro et di vertute et di fortuna,
com'a ciascun le sue stelle ordinaro,
lasciai cader in vil amor d'ancille:
et a costui di mille
donne electe, excellenti, n'elessi una,
qual non si vedrà mai sotto la luna,
benché Lucretia ritornasse a Roma;
et sí dolce ydïoma
le diedi, et un cantar tanto soave,
che penser basso o grave
non poté mai durar dinanzi a lei.
Questi fur con costui li 'nganni mei.

Questo fu il fel, questi li sdegni et l'ire,
piú dolci assai che di null'altra il tutto.
Di bon seme mal frutto
mieto; et tal merito à chi 'ngrato serve.
Sí l'avea sotto l'ali mie condutto,
ch'a donne et cavalier piacea il suo dire;
et sí alto salire
i''l feci, che tra' caldi ingegni ferve
il suo nome et de' suoi detti conserve
si fanno con diletto in alcun loco;
ch'or saria forse un roco
mormorador di corti, un huom del vulgo:
i' l'exalto et divulgo,
per quel ch'elli 'mparò ne la mia scola,
et da colei che fu nel mondo sola.

Et per dir a l'extremo il gran servigio,
da mille acti inhonesti l'ò ritratto,
ché mai per alcun pacto
a lui piacer non poteo cosa vile:
giovene schivo et vergognoso in acto
et in penser, poi che fatto era huom ligio
di lei ch'alto vestigio
li 'mpresse al core, et fecel suo simíle.
Quanto à del pellegrino et del gentile,
da lei tene, et da me, di cui si biasma.
Mai nocturno fantasma
d'error non fu sí pien com'ei vèr' noi:
ch'è in gratia, da poi
che ne conobbe, a Dio et a la gente.
Di ciò il superbo si lamenta et pente.

Ancor, et questo è quel che tutto avanza,
da volar sopra 'l ciel li avea dat'ali
per le cose mortali,
che son scala al fattor, chi ben l'estima;
ché mirando ei ben fiso quante et quali
eran vertuti in quella sua speranza,
d'una in altra sembianza
potea levarsi a l'alta cagion prima;
et ei l'à detto alcuna volta in rima,
or m'à posto in oblio con quella donna
ch'i' li die' per colonna
de la sua frale vita. - A questo un strido
lagrimoso alzo et grido:
- Ben me la die', ma tosto la ritolse. -
Responde: - Io no, ma Chi per sé la volse. -

Alfin ambo conversi al giusto seggio,
i' con tremanti, ei con voci alte et crude,
ciascun per sé conchiude:
- Nobile donna, tua sententia attendo. -
Ella allor sorridendo:
- Piacemi aver vostre questioni udite,
ma piú tempo bisogna a tanta lite. -

That ancient sweet cruel lord of mine
being summoned before the queen
who holds the divine place
in our being, seated in the head,
there, I present myself blind with grief,
and fear and horror, like gold
being refined in the fire,
like a man who fears death and begs for justice:
and I begin: 'My lady, I set foot
when young in this kingdom,
in which I received only
anger and disdain: and the torments I suffered
here were such and so varied
that at last my infinite patience
was overcome, and I held life in contempt.

So that my life till now has been passed
in flame and pain: and how many worthy
honest roads I've scorned,
how many feasts, to serve this cruel flatterer!
And what wit has speech ready enough
to express my unhappy state,
and, since he is ungrateful to me,
so many grave and just complaints?
O little sweetness, much gall with him!
How much bitterness he added to my life
with his false sweetness
that drew me to the crowd of lovers!
So if I'm not mistaken, he was disposed
to raise me high above the earth:
and snatched away my peace and brought me war.

He has made me love God less
than I should, and care less for myself:
for a lady's sake equally
he has made me careless of every thought.
In this he is my only counsellor
always sharpening my youthful desire
with a wicked edge, so that
I long for rest from his cruel and bitter yoke.
Wretch, why did heaven give me
this bright high wit, and my other gifts?
So that my hair is altering,
but I can't alter my obstinate will:
so that this cruel one
I accuse robs me of my freedom,
and turns my bitter life to a sweet habit.

He has made me search out desert places,
fierce rapacious thieves, bristling thorns,
harsh peoples and customs,
and every error that traps the traveller,
hills, valleys, marshes, seas and rivers,
a thousand nets stretched out in every place:
winter in a strange month,
with present danger and fatigue:
neither he nor my other enemy
whom I fled, left me alone a single moment:
so if I've not yet met
a harsh and bitter death,
heavenly mercy has cared
for my salvation and not that tyrant
who feeds on my grief and my hurt.

So I have never had a peaceful hour from him,
nor hope to have, and sleep is banished
from my nights, and can't be won
by herbs or magic incantations.
By force and deception he has been made lord
over my spirit: and no hourly bell has sounded
wherever I've been, in whatever town,
that I've not heard. He knows I speak the truth:
and no woodworm's ever gnawed old wood
as he my heart, in which he nests,
and threatens me with death.
So the tears and suffering were born,
the words and sighs,
that weary me, and others too perhaps.
You judge, who know both me and him.'

My adversary speaks with bitterness,
saying; 'O lady, hear the other side,
so that the truth, this ungrateful one
deviates from, is heard complete.
In his youth this man was given to the art
of selling words, or rather lies:
nor seemed to feel any shame,
snatched from that harm to my delight,
complaining of me, who kept him pure and clean,
against his will that often wished him ill,
now he grieves,
in this sweet life that he calls misery:
he leapt to fame of sorts
purely through me, who inspired his intellect
which he could never have inspired himself.

He knows that Agamemnon and noble Achilles
and Hannibal, bitter foe to your country,
and Scipio, the brightest star of all
in valour and destiny,
like men of ordinary fortune,
allowed themselves to love lowly servants:
while from a thousand
choice women, of excellence, I selected one,
whose like will not be seen beneath the moon,
though Lucretia were to return to Rome:
and I gave her such
sweet speech, so soft a singing voice,
that base or heavy thought
could not last long before her.
These were all my tricks against him.

This was the wormwood, the anger and disdain,
sweeter yet than any other's all.
I gather evil fruit from good seed:
so are those who serve ingratitude rewarded.
I took him under my wing,
that ladies and knights were pleased with his words:
and made him rise
so high, that among keen and fervent wits
I made his name and his verses
celebrated, with delight, in every place:
who might have been a hoarse
mutterer now in this court, a common man:
I exalted him and made him known
for the things he learnt from her, and those I taught,
from her who was unique in this world.

And to explain my great service to him, complete,
I drew him back from a thousand dishonest actions,
he who could never now
be pleased with anything vile:
a reticent young man, modest in action
and thought, now he's made a man ruled
by her so that her noble
traits stamp his heart, and make him like her.
What he has of the pilgrim and the nobleman
came from her, and me, whom he blames.
No nocturnal phantom
was ever to us as full of error as him:
who ever since he's known us
has been blessed by God and man.
Of this the proud man laments and complains.

Yet, and this says it all, I gave him wings
to fly towards the heavens, by means
of those mortal things,
that are steps to the Maker, for he who values them:
and if he'd gazed intently at the number
and quality of virtues in that hope of his,
he could have been lifted by one
in another's guise to the high Primal Cause.
and that he has often said in his rhymes.
Now he's forgotten me, and that lady
who I gave him as a column
to support his fragile life.' - At this I raise
a tearful cry, and shouted:
'He gave me her, true, but took her back too soon.'
He replies: 'Not I, but He took her to Himself.'

At last both speak to the Judge's chair,
I with trembling, he with high cruel voice,
each concluding, for his part, with:
'Noble Lady, I await your judgement.'
Then smilingly she says:
'I am pleased to have heard your pleas,
but need more time for such a verdict.'


© Copyright 1999-2006
Peter Sadlon
Updated Sept 10th 2007

A Merentha Entertainment Project


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